Defender of the Faith/ Philip Roth.

â€Å"l refuse, I can't stop being me, that's all there is to it†. Tears came to his eyes. â€Å"It's a hard thing to be a Jew. But now I understand what Mackey says- it's a harder thing to stay one†. He raised a hand sadly toward me. â€Å"Look at you. † Defender of the Faith/ Philip Roth. The quote above is the part in the Defender of Faith which is a conversation between Crossbars and Marx. Crossbars asks Marx to go out of the army to attend thePassover dinner. Throughout the story we come to understand that Crossbars is taking advantage of the fact that both he and Marx are Jewish for his own benefit. Crossbars tries to â€Å"bond† with Marx on the basis of their common religion, but soon we realize that he uses this common fact to try to get benefits and other privileges. At some point Marx understands that Crossbars is being selfish and is using the religion for his own needs, and gets tired from Crossbar's requests.Crossbars insists that he shouldn' t be treated like everyone else; because he claims that he is better. In addition he throws at Marx accusations saying that he is denting his roots and his family. Crossbars says this only because he is unhappy and doesn't get from Marx what he wants, he calls him a go. â€Å"You even talk like a go. † â€Å"It's a hard thing to be a Jew. But now I understand what Mackey says- It's a harder thing to stay one†.

Pacificus & Helvidius Debates Essay

This was written on Notepad then converted into a Word Document. The purpose of this document is to be supplemental to reading the Pacificus & Helvidius Debates, this was written side by side while reading the debates, therefore, if this is the first time you are reading the Pacificus and Helvidius Debates these notes will provide more of a curse then a blessing. Pacificus I: The objections which people are raising against the proclamation of neutrality have been done in bitterness and in critical language, which to me demonstrates that their views were concern with matters that exceed the free discussion of an important public measure. They discuss weakening the confidence of the people in the President†¦ My reflection describes the motives connected with the proclamation which will be used to recommend endeavors by proper explanation of the subject at hand. These explanations at least should be satisfactory to those people who may not have the opportunity for investigating the subject themselves and those people who want to perceive that proclamation is not inconsistent with the constitution. The objections to the proclamation are: The proclamation had no authority. It is contrary to our treaties with France. It is contrary to the gratitude owed to France for helping the U.S. secure victory in the Revolution. That is was out of time and unnecessary. The proclamation was designed to make it known to the belligerents of Europe and the citizens of the U.S. that the U.S. is at Peace with all those at war and that under no treaty to become associated in that war. It also warns all those with the government’s jurisdiction to abstain from acts that contravene the proclamation. This proclamation does not declare that the U.S. will not abide to the conditions of treaties of the belligerents, because they can be up held without committing the U.S. into war. This does not mean the U.S. will not make distinctions about the present war powers as illustrated in articles 17 and 22 of the Treaty of Alliance, because in doing so does not render the U.S. to associate in the war. Even the furnishing of determinate succors with ships or troops to a Power at War due to treaties that have no reference to the war is still consistent with neutrality. However, no favors should be done to either side. The proclamation does exclude engagement in the 11th article of Treaty of Alliance, because the 11th article does not apply to the U.S. in this case. Now let’s discuss whether or not the President acted within his proper sphere or is out of bounds in his actions. First, it is not to be disputed that the management of foreign affair is confided to the U.S. government. Second, it could little be disputed that it beyond the right of the government to issue a proclamation of neutrality. The ability to make such proclamations is important to counties whose interest lies in the preservation of peace. The real question at hand is what department of government is the proper one to make a declaration of neutrality when it is proper. Someone of a correct understands must see that is do not pertain to either the legislative or judicial branches of government. The legislative branch is not the organ of foreign relations. Therefore, it is not the organ of government which is to pronounce the condition of the nation in regards to foreign powers. It is even more obvious that the Judiciary branch does not possess this power. This department decides on litigation in cases, it does interpret treaties, however, only in cases. It does not pronounce the external political relations of treaties between governments. Therefore the power belongs to the executive, when proper. In cases in which the judiciary is not competent, that is in cases between governments. This power is charged with the execution of the laws, of which treaties form a part. This condition is so obvious and consistent with general theory and is undoubtedly just, unless doubt can be deduced from the Constitution. In the following I will see if that doubt is to be found in the constitution. Article 1 state that â€Å"the executive power shall be vested in a President of the U.S.† It also continues and states that the President is the commander in chief of the army and navy of the U.S. and the Militias of the states when called into the service of the U.S., as well as, that the President has the power by and with the advice of the senate to make treaties and that it is his duty to receive ambassadors and ministers to take care that the laws be faithfully executed. It is not consistent with the rules of â€Å"sound construction† to consider the Constitution’s enumeration of the President’s particular authorities is degrading from the more comprehensive grant given to him in the general clause than what has been restricted to him. Due to the difficulty of making a complete and perfect specification of all of the Executive’s authority. There is broad construction of the president’s power in the Constitution. The differences are in the expression, for example â€Å"All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in the Congress of the U.S.† however the difference is â€Å"The Executive Power shall be vested in a President of the U.S.† The Executive Power leaves the rest to flow from the general grant of that power. The doctrine of the constitution in context of the Executive Power is that the Executive Power is only restricted in the qualifications which are expressed in it. But is free elsewhere. The issuing of a proclamation of neutrality is merely an Executive Act. The is no condition in the constitution which inhibits him. It may be observed that the foregoing inference is just if the power of declaring war had not been vested in the Legislature, but that this power naturally includes the right of judging whether the nation is under obligations to make war or not. Even though it is true that it is right of the legislature to declare war also includes the right of judging whether the US is under obligations to make War or not, it does not exclude the president to the same power. If it is the power of the Legislature to make war, then it is the duty of the executive to preserve peace until war is declared, which requires the executive to interpret treaties. There is nothing inconsistent with government which excludes the President from making a proclamation of neutrality. It is both his right and duty to enforce the laws of the Nation. The proclamation of neutrality is a statement to the U.S. people with regard to the Powers at war and makes it know that the law of neutrality is to be enforced. In doing this, the proclamation is stating a secret law. It is the power of the executive to interpret the articles of our treaties and judges the bounds of those treaties. As the organ of foreign affair the executive can consequentially affect the exercise of the Legislative war making power. The President cannot control that power except by veto. The legislature still remains free to perform its own duties in accord to its own sense of them; however, the executive actions could affect them. Therefore it is the case that because treaties are made by the President and Senate together, their activity may be suspended by the President alone. The legislator’s powers are to be constructed strictly. Although the legislature alone can declare war, and transfer the nation for peace to war, it is the executive’s power to do whatever else the laws of nations require for cooperation. In this distribution of powers the wisdom of the constitution is manifested. It is the province and duty of the executive to preserve peace. Only the legislature can interrupt those blessings. Although it is advisable to interpret the authority of the Executive on this broad and comprehensive ground, it is not absolutely necessary to do so in this case. The clause of the constitution which makes it the President’s duty to â€Å"take care that the laws be faithfully executed† might alone be relied on. The U.S.’s treaties and laws must be interpreted by the executive for execution. It is his due to proclaim the neutrality of the nation. Some view the proclamation as the enacting of some new law, but that is wrong. It only is a statement of fact in regard to the existing state of the nation, and informs the citizens of what the laws previously established require of them in the U.S. and warns them that these laws will be put into execution against their breakers.

Organizational Impact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational Impact - Essay Example The company uses a more qualitative approach, which does not require much data collection from without the organization but from within it. In such cases, in-house leaders such as departmental heads and managers are made to present reports and memos on the current strategic positions of their departments. Most often than not, these reports and memos are not used in isolation but linked to the quantitative data collection to authenticate the claims of the in-house leaders from the perspective of the outside world. At other times, the qualitative evaluation is simplified so much so that leaders of the organization merely make productive inferences of the output of work within the organization. This is to say that the leaders measure the impact of innovation, design, and creativity on strategy by measuring the change in productivity and growth. Zenger and Folkman justify this approach by saying that wherever there is innovation, design, and creativity, there ought to be growth and devel opment. Therefore where there is growth, it can simply be assumed that strategies in place are adequately working in a manner that is most justifiable. The consideration of processes and products at Wal-Mart is another important practice that the leadership of the organization has been constantly involved in. The rationale to emphasizing on processes and services is that they help in determining levels of customer satisfaction and aid in ensuring that the company serves customers in a manner that is most desirable and meets the expectations of customers.

Film analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Film analysis - Essay Example presents this plot in pre-World War II California, with a drifter named Frank Chambers as the lover, Cora Smith-Papadakis as the scheming wife, and Nick â€Å"Greek† Papadakis as the unsuspecting husband; and a controversial Chinese motion picture directed by Zhang Yimou and Yang Fengliang with the title Ju Dou (1990), having early 1900’s rural China as its setting with Tianqing as the lover and Ju Dou as the wife of a ruthless textile mill owner Jinshan, Tianqing’s adoptive uncle. The concept of a cheating wife getting rid of the husband and living with her lover for the rest of their lives is what makes the two stories similar, however major differences with the genre, the settings, and the context as well as the cultural background and character motivations are factors that separate the two stories from each other. The settings in both stories show that the husband and wife work together to earn their living. Nick and Cora operate a roadside sandwich joint (Cain Chap. 1 p.3), and similarly Jinshan and Ju Dou work together in running a large textile mill in a rural village (Ju Dou). Another similarity with the two pairs is that both women got married to a man they do not love, and must work each day despite not being happy with their lives. What sets the two stories apart is that in the case of the western couple, Cora seems to have enough guts and confidence to assert herself and that her husband does not control her too freely, while in the eastern couple Ju Dou is entirely submissive to her husband Jinshan and always gets beatings from him nearly each night since she cannot give him a son. She is also gets verbal abuse each day due to this dilemma, even if in reality Jinshan was really the barren one due to having a good deal of wives unable to bear him any children (Ju Dou). Being unable to take any more of her husband’s beating, as well as slowly being attracted to her adopted nephew Tianqing who treats her well despite having awkward and silent

Bank Regulations in Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Bank Regulations in Europe - Essay Example There are currently many regulatory transitions underway which will have multifaceted effects on how Banks are run in Europe and the ultimate investments they deem as adequate for progressive growth. The controversy surrounding these regulations stems from past success as well as the impact recent recession ratios have imposed on the market. The question this analysis will attempt to address is whether or not these regulations are necessary for European banks to progress in the years to come. Basel II is the second of the Basel Accords. These are recommendations set by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The point of these laws is to apply some regulation to the worldwide banking system, an international standard by which all banks may abide. These regulations are an attempt to safeguard the Banking Market against many of the risks banks face yearly. They have seen as a safety net for the international banking market in the case that one major bank collapses. The main focus of the regulations is to reduce the amount of risk all banks take on. Through rigorous risk and capital regulations, Basel II is able to ensure that Banks are not able to take on more risk than they have solvency to maintain. Despite the Basel II regulations and their proven success throughout the past years, recent developments in the global economy have pointed to a need for more strict regulations. This can largely be connected to the massive recession that has occurred over the past two ye ars in the global economy. The nature of the European Banking system and its current need for BeselIII regulations is in reaction to the state of the Economy. The CIA World Factbook notes that the United States of America has the largest economy in the globe. "The recent failure in the U.S. housing and credit markets have resulted in a slowdown in the US economy. 2007 GDP growth was estimated at 2.2% but in 2008 it is projected to be just 0.9%, down from the 10-year average of 2.8% (St Labs, p1)." According to the United States Department of Labor, The Unemployment rate as of September 2009 was 9.8%, which is the result of a progressive growth 8.9% in April 2009. The Banks have followed suit with the housing industry as well as many of the corporations gout This effect in the west has impacted the Europes. University of Maryland economist Peter Morici declares "we are in a depression (Shinkle, p1)." He signifies a recession as an economic decline from which an economy can eventually recover but poses that the state the American economy is in today is much worse and can't be resolved with a quick fix. "My feeling is that if (the president) doesn't fix what's structurally broken, what caused this, we'll be back into this after the federal stimulus has had its effect," says Morici (Shinkle, p1). Many different aspects of the American economy have come under fire as the cause of this financial crisis, most infamous of these methods to date are credit default swap contracts and short selling. The very first credit default swap contract was constructed in 1997 by JP Morgan and it is given credit for what initiated the market to balloon up to a $45 trillion value in 2007 (Pinsent, p1).

Corporate Structures and Governance Arrangements Vary Widely From Essay

Corporate Structures and Governance Arrangements Vary Widely From Country to Country - Essay Example In normal parlance, the corporate governance (CG) has given more emphasis on disclosure, internal mechanisms and transparency with much focus to the financiers of the business. As per OECD (2004), this does not connote that the significance of stakeholders in general is deprived off1. Initially, Jensen and Meckling (1976) advocated stakeholder theory and then followed by Freeman (1984) who advocated an agency concept of accountability. Enron scandal resulted in the introduction Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which is a chief chapter in the vibrant annals of Anglo-American corporate governance renaissance2. As per OECD, managerial accountability elucidates governance responsibilities and roles and to make sure that shareholder’s interest and managerial interest are lined up and supervised by the board of directors3. The term â€Å" managerial accountability â€Å" can be defined as an understanding of a cluster of desired and predetermined yardsticks by which employees and manage ment alike, which can be gauged to be held responsible for specific actions or decision vis-a-vis some clearly explained role or responsibilities in a company4. As per Fisher(2004), the managerial accountability is nothing but the delegation of power which means of integrating relationships between institutions , demarcating responsibilities , improving legitimacy , controlling authority , and finally promoting democracy within a company and thus , the main goal of developing accountability is establishing trust in governance institutions in companies. In UK, the Cadbury Committee was asked to review those features of corporate governance especially pertaining to financial reporting and accountability as early in May 1991. This research essay will analyse in detail how the managerial accountability remain the same under corporate governance across various jurisdictions with particular emphasis to the USA , UK and Germany. Analysis What is Managerial Accountability? Stanton (1997) re fers Rosenfield finding on accountability as â€Å"the reasonable holding of one to be liable for personal decisions or to make a rejoinder to a charge where justiability is being ushered by an authority affiliation between the individuals concerned. From two perspectives, the authority relations can be assessed by two angles namely the stakeholder’s theory and the shareholder-value maximisation theory. As per Spira (2001), business organisations and individuals are discharged of their responsible obligations by disseminating the required information on a periodical basis to interested parties5. Business accountability connotes making the management of a company accountable for its performance and it includes making of business decisions on the proper usage of executive authority. Such business judgment can be employed only when the specific information is available. Further, accountability makes certain that the demeanour is compatible with the objects of the business, that it is consistent with the conditions that steer the company’s policy. In a way balancing the impact of the open market, which sets out prices and evaluates the real margin, a system of accountability offers objective yardsticks for administers and consulting performance. To evaluate the managerial accountability, it is necessary to assess the individual performance periodically whether it is the individual director, CEO, the outside auditor, the entire board or its officers and

Organization Development - Analyzing Performance Measurement and Essay

Organization Development - Analyzing Performance Measurement and Management - Essay Example The theme of the article is explored, along with the strengths and weaknesses of the content. According to the authors, performance measurement and management is the first stepping stone towards the effective implementation of change. Having widespread benefits on the organization, performance management has been described as an essential for the efficient functioning of the organization. The paper also sheds light on how the article misses out some pertinent details about performance management. Overall, the article is easy to comprehend and interesting, but often lacks concrete evidence to support the translation of theory into practice. Introduction Facility management (FM) inculcates the concept of bringing together various disciplines for the management of a built environment by assimilating and making use of human resources, place, management and technological advances (Atkins and Brooks 2009, 4). The role of facilities management has recently garnered significant attention for its ability to impact a wide range of disciplines and the potential to use this relationship for improved performance of the organization. ... Since the past decade, performance measurement has started to be used extensively for a â€Å"comprehensive managerial process† purported to improve the organizational performance (Menzel and White 2011, 133). Theme and Analysis The article by Dilanthi Amaratunga and David Baldry, â€Å"Moving from performance measurement to performance management†, is the topic of analysis in this report. The theme of the article focuses on the transition from performance measurement to performance management in FM organization. Introducing the article with the concept of performance measurement, Amaratunga and Baldry have highlighted the increasing role of performance measurement systems in contemporary management. Nutt and McLennan (2000, 163) further support this concept, asserting that the foremost step towards management is measurement, without which the organization cannot be certain of improvement over time. Performance measurement is essential for facilitating change in an orga nization and formulates the directive needed to efficiently pursue and achieve the goals of the organization. Quoting the traits of performance measurement, the authors emphasize upon the connection between performance measurement and management and explain how utilizing the results of performance measurement translates into effective performance management by providing a means of anticipating necessary changes and devising a strategy for change. The authors point out the role of facilities management in the overall performance and success of the organization. Performance management systems, as tools of strategic development and learning, have been discussed with the role FM organizations can play in promoting performance measurement and management. Moreover, it has been

Divergence Among Eastern European Countries in Economic Performance Essay

Divergence Among Eastern European Countries in Economic Performance - Essay Example This essay provides a thorough analysis of the different economic growth patterns in the Eastern European countries with evaluation of the impact of different factors on the economic development of that countries. Eastern European countries include Serbia, Kosovo, Russia, Czech Republic, Albania, Croatia and several others. These countries are popularly known for their unity in the historical era of communism and due to their locations and political history. Russia was the mainland for the communism and among the Eastern European countries. Communism was a set of governance that dominated the East in comparison to the West which was the USA that employed capitalism. After the world war two, the capitalism and communism ideologies of economic governance emerged. It is due to these two ideologies that the countries in Eastern Europe merged to campaign for the spread of communism in the other parts of the world. One of the reasons that explain the divergence in economic performance in Eastern Europe was the cold war disparities where some countries remained neutral and thus lost no economic bonds with neither of the two superpowers, USA and USSR. Following the loss of resources to other countries, the communists suffered an economic recession after the cold war especially small countries that depended on the great Russia for wealth and funding. However for the countries that remained neutral during the war, they escaped the recession as they would still acquire funds and conduct investments with the allies of USSR. In addition, the government of the Serbians who were the most neutral members of Eastern Europe continued with a stable running of their economic, social and political systems. The Serbians, with help of USA achieved greater heights of economic success compared to the other countries in the East hence the huge difference in the economic performance of the communists and the Serbians. The USSR being a superpower was now inferior to the US after losing the fight over the two ideologies. However, the USSR did not suffer greatly economically as the inferior nations since it still had influence and remnants of resources that were not incorporated in the campaign for communism. Therefore, the USSR and Serbia were at an average situation and the economic recession did not hit them as hard as the other small countries. An additional factor that caused the rift in the economic performance of the Eastern Europe countries is the health systems of the countries. This is a social factor that con tributed greatly of the disparities in economies in that a huge amount of money was invested in the health sector leading to instabilities of the other sectors of the economy. The economy of USSR supported the health and well being of its citizens and those of neighboring countries and consequently funds were shifted and the recession took tall in the country. The diseases of the patients require more medicine and resources in to the health industry which the government could not manage at that instance. Furthermore the smaller countries like Croatia and Kosovo did not handle the Health

Ethnic and Religious Conflict in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Ethnic and Religious Conflict in Nigeria Essay Basically, Nigeria is a plural society and heterogeneous in virtually all the facet of life. The custom and tradition of Nigerians is so diverse to the extent that Nigeria as a country is now confronted with the problem of religion and ethnicity towards their political stability. The origin and history of ethnic conflict (societal wars and violence) can be traced from eternal (internal) state rivalry to external (physical). And its root cause is not very far from power competition and decision making over economic resources and other important human factor, like position. The implementation process has always involved more than one or two persons. In general concept, the author of this work traces conflict back to the first and early Patriarchal of human history and ever since then, there has been an increase (in various dimensions) of Conflict in the face of human world. Some are personal (internal) conflict, family, community, and group, intellectual, state, national and international in nature, to mention but few. In conforming to this idea, Badawi (2006) in his statement titled â€Å"World Apart† stated thus, â€Å"indeed the greatest discord today is among the descendants of Abraham. These are the people of the book, the followers of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, who had in fact shared a common beginning in the religion of Abraham†. In shedding more light in the above statement, Badawi statement goes far beyond religion, rather, he was tracing one of the earliest source of conflict which Badawi mentioned the off-springs of the said Abraham. Even before Abraham, there had been conflict, so it is as old as human history down to the Abrahamic period, to ancient kingdoms, Dukes, and Kings. In about 88 B. C. , King Mithriadates VI of Pontus invaded Roman territory in Asian Minor. He advised Asian debtors to kill their Roman creditors. Happy to reduce their credit card bills, the Asians massacred 80,000 Romans. Ethno-political conflicts have greatly shaped our present world and of course have its structural phenomenon, (William Easterly, 2001). For instances, the conflict we now call Israeli and Palestinian war, has been an ever-lengthening sort. The Assyrian, Babylonian war, by King Nebuchadnezzar of the hanging Garden in history, the Persia war, Alexander the Great (the Macedonian mad man in history), the German war of Adolf’s. Hitler, the Roman wars, narrowing all these down, we came to the horn of African continent which seem to be an epidemic field of conflicts of diverse kinds till date. The giant-lion of African continent, just like the origin of conflict is said to have stated very old in human history, even so in the case of Nigeria, which can be traced to the colonial period of history. Conflict takes different sizes and shapes with diverse reasons and purposes. Majority of the conflicts takes time before their escalation and at such, could have been transformed right at their respective early stages. The history of ethnicity and ethnic conflicts in Nigeria is also traced back to the colonial transgressions that forced the ethnic groups of the northern and southern provinces to become an entity called Nigeria in 1914. In the case of Nigeria situation, disturbing history of colonialism, this generated hatred and conflict among different ethnic groups. The task of addressing this seed of conflict planted by the British has been a complex one. After weakening the former diverse kingdoms, Emperors, etc now called Nigeria and reordering the groups’ politics, the colonial powers failed in nation building and providing for the peoples basic needs. Hence, unemployment, poverty increase, and due to these, conflict over scarce resources ensue. The Southern and Northern protectorates were also being amalgamated into a nation. Thereafter, the merging of different colonies into one country called Nigeria was forcefully done without the peoples consent. This was a major seed of conflict that is still troubling Nigeria today. This article is focused on the historical incidents of ethnic conflicts in within Nigeria societies, the cause of the conflicts and perhaps, the government actions towards ethnic conflict in the country. In conclusion, this paper will explore into decision-making (by the elites and those in authority) process has contributed immensely in generating the syndromes of conflict in the said state. The Nigerian political situation has witnessed more breaking of heads, than counting them. In fact, even when it has been convenient for heads to be counted, the outcome has always been the breaking of heads instead. Conflict in Nigeria is so intense because of lack of democratic behaviour. The head of the individual in the democratic context signifies citizenship. So when heads are broken in the Nigerian political community, the issue in respect of broken heads is citizenship. If conflict in Nigeria means the absence of democratic behaviour, it follows, therefore, that conflict in Nigeria is interwoven with the absence of democratic governance. Gurr (2000): has also shown that the incidence of conflicts at the global level declined in recent years with the deepening of democratisation. Nation-states where conflicts persist are those where what obtains is the democratisation of disempowerment (Ake 1996). Beyond the veneer of elections, the state remains ambushed, privatised, repressive and unpopular. The people who were tantalised by the prospect of a democratic revolution that would terminate decades of alienation and pauperisation have been short changed and given a ‘choice less democracy’ (Mkandawire 1999). The ‘credibility gap’ which fostered the De-linkage of the people from the state, and ignited social forces to struggle for democracy, is not being bridged (Rothchild 1995: 58). African peoples out of clear rational calculations sans atavistic attachments have turned their backs on the state ‘and given their loyalty to sub-national social formations such as the community, the sub nationality or ethnic groups’ (Ake 2000: 114). It is against this backdrop that the proliferation and exacerbation of violent ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria in the post-transition period can be appreciated. This article adopts an analytical framework that holds that The interface between ethnicity and democratisation is found in absence of effective citizenship and good governance in post-transition societies. In the circumstance that democracy does not go beyond the conduct of multiparty elections to include improvement in the quality of life of the people, there is frustration, and people who already feel alienated from the state are vulnerable and likely to be mobilised around counter-elites who exploit extant popular alienation from the state by whipping up sectarian sentiments. This has been the case in Nigeria and several multi-ethnic states of Africa (Osaghae 1994). Although the foregoing theoretical discussion has focused on ethnicity, the term ethno-religious is adopted because some of the recent violent conflicts to be examined were triggered by religious issues. The relevance of religion is also underlined by the fact that in Nigeria ethnic boundaries tend to coincide with religion, with the exception of the Yoruba ethnic group (Ibrahim 1999). The Nigeria state was amalgamated in the year 1914 by lord lugard. The various geographical areas or territory which was amalgamated to form Nigeria by the colonialist comprises of various cleavages, clans, towns even there were kingdoms and chiefdoms with diverse culture, language, religion, norms values, customs and political structures etc. The focus of the research monogram is to examine the role of religion and ethnicity in Nigeria nascent democracy. In Nigeria especially, religion plays a very vital and influential role in the society that has manifested itself as a potent force in the political development of the Nigerian state from pre-independence to post-independence. Hardly can the Nigerian state be talked about without reference to religion (Kukah, 1994; Falola, 1990; Kenny, 2006; International IDEA, 2000; Suberu, 2009). However, religion in Nigeria, at different levels, is mostly mentioned in negative terms. Or rather, historical events linked to religion tilts more towards its negative than its positive contribution to the Nigerian state. The Jihad, the civil war propaganda, the Sharia law controversy, the tensions provoked by the Nigerian accession to the Organization of Islamic Countries (OIC) and the incessant religious crises that have engulfed the Northern part mainly indicate that religion cannot be ignored or wished away in the Nigerian political development. Several religious crises have occurred in Nigeria. They have been documented as academic dissertations for some of them. This piece of work does not intend to start the discourse on religious violence anew but only recognizes the fact that as a recurrent phenomenon it is worth being explored further. Thus â€Å"Boko Haram† menace which gained global recognition and even press support ranging from July 2009 till date is a the central focus of this study together with other riots which has engulfed the Nigeria state from 1999 till date which most Nigeria educated elite believed that religion and ethnicity were the basic causes. The educated elite have conducted series of research on what the causes of this violent riots maybe. Most have concluded that it can be traced and linked to the failure of governance in Nigeria. 1. 2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS The mistake of 1914 has polarised the Nigeria society together with its citizens in which loyalty to the State is a mirage instead people pay loyalty to their various families and ethnic groups the effect of this can be traced to 1967 civil-war which disintegrate the country or in the political system which almost lead to secession of the country with the easterner believed to be the aggrieved ethnic in the war. Similarly Nigeria has a long history of religious crisis which has affected the political instability of Nigeria. The maintasine riot of 1980 can be said to be the first major religious riot in Nigerian history, claiming about 800 lives. The Boko Haram insurgence in the northern part of the country which has been directed mainly against the Christians, they have suffered a lot both physically, psychologically, economically, spiritually and even politically in the far North which has led political writers and pundits to affirm that Boko Haram conflict has its roots in Religion. The thrust of this work will be to examine the underlying reasons behind political instability in Nigeria using religion and ethnicity as a paradigm. 1. 3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY. The study will cover the impacts of religion and ethnicity towards the stabilization or in- stabilization of the Nigeria political system it will cover how religion and ethnicity have impacted on the political stability of Nigeria. Furthermore the study will emphasize more on the role the government is playing in stabilizing the un-stabilized country. 1. 4OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The following can be regarded as the aims and objective of the study 1. To know the meaning of religion, ethnicity, political stability, and political instability 2. To know how religion and ethnicity have negatively impacted on Nigerian political development 3. To develop possible solutions and panaceas to the problems of religions and ethnicity to Nigerian political in-stability 1. 5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1 What meaning does religion, ethnicity and political instability carries 2 How has religion and ethnicity impacted on the political stability of Nigeria 3 what are the possible solutions to the problem of religion and ethnicity in Nigeria political system 1. 6 JUSTIFICATION OF STUDY Many a developing countries of the world are currently experiencing the problems which ethnicity and religion have caused. The ethnic problem which led to the apartheid era in South Africa is also the same ethnicity and religion problem which has almost disintegrated the Nigerian State. Recalling back to what happen during the civil war in the late sixties and early seventies which led to the introduction of the national youth service corp. by the then military president General Yakubu Gowon which aim at integrating back the almost disintegrated country. Books, Journals, Magazines, Pamphlets, and lot of researches have been written and carried out respectively on the issue of ethnicity and religion, and its impact on the Nigeria political stability. This research work will serve as an additional material to the issue on ethnicity and religion to political instability in Nigeria, this work will focus more on ethnicity and religion and its impact on Nigerian politics 1. 7RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research methodology will be based on secondary data collections ranging from books, Journals Newspapers, News Magazines, Pamphlets and even the Internet. In conducting any research basically there are two methodologies employed by researchers which are the primary and the secondary methods. This research work will be basically conducted using the secondary methodology as earlier mentioned. 1. 8DEFINITION OF TERMS Ethnicity: According to the oxford advance learners dictionary ethnicity can simply mean â€Å"the fact of belonging to a particular race† from the dictionary meaning we can deduced the fact that Humans believed in race and they have passion for race which leads to humans ethnocentrism i. e. highly ethnocentric in nature. Ethnicity has a strategic interaction of persons and other actors, who have different beliefs, attitude’s, values and goals as they decide particular conflict the distribution of resource’s and general issues of political rules within a context of norms, expectations and institutions. Any of the rule, expectation and institutions may be reversed, maintained or inverted by the individual who win the right to control them, in the course of those political negotiations that are sometimes called cooperation, and sometimes called war, and are usually somewhere between the two. In another sense, ethnic identity are political resources just like money or vote. Instrumentalist like Micheal Banton and Micheal Hecthtar, argue that ethnic identity are not inherent in group or socio-formation of people. They see ethnic identity as socio-capital brought to bear on the political negotiation table by different groups and at different times. Hutchinson and Smith also argue that ethnic identity are an important resource that political Elite employ in securing the support of the masses as a strategy for gaining a desired good. These goods and or goals are â€Å"measured in terms of wealth, power, and status and†¦ joining or national communities helps to secure these ends either by influencing the state, or in certain situations, through secession. Religion: religion on its own part can be regarded as the belief in the existence of God or gods and the activity that are connected in the worship of them. Religion can also be stress further by meaning one of the system of faith that are based on the belief in the existence of a particular God or gods. For example the Jewish religion, Christianity Islam and other world religion. Furthermore in the classical and ancient ages religion has achieved a lot in their politics for example the doctrine of Islam was used in many Arab nations has their constitution even up till the present age. The Ancient Romans, also, during the time of Constantine accepted Christianity as a religion and a mode of life which also affected their political terrain. Religion in the 21 century is now used narrowly towards Christianity and Islam even though other religion still exist but the former two religion have elevated to prominence that other religion are now beneath them. For instance about Political stability: can depict the mean of a system of politics in which the government of that State is experiencing a stable government and peaceful existence in the State or in otherworld’s a legitimately accepted government by the people. Democratically governed States are believed to be stable. In the global sense every political entity must be ruled democratically without internal oppression or external aggression. Any country of the world that is free from the aforementioned point are regarded as stable political system in other words internal oppression has cause a lot of havoc to many democracies of the world which has infringed on their stability as noted by Ojo 2002. Descent Rule: These covers a larger set of cases that we commonly understand to be ethnic than the rules that ethnic groups must have a myth of common ancestry or common origin. But it excludes several cases in which individuals routinely consider themselves, and are considered as members, of a group that we classify as ethnic even when their parents were not coded as members of this group. Take for example the category â€Å"Yoruba† when it was invented in Nigeria in the nineteenth century. At this time period, the parents of those who were classified as Yoruba were not themselves classified as Yoruba for the reason that this category did not exist during their lifetimes. According to Descent Rule, then, the category Yoruba in the nineteenth century would not be coded as ethnic. But the category Yoruba is universally coded as an ethnic category by all comparative political scientists, without making a distinction between time periods. As another example, consider the category â€Å"Backward Caste† in India, which included as members individuals who possessed a given set of last names and/or ancestral occupations. The category was introduced by the Indian Central Government in 1990. Within a few years, 52% of the Indian population classified itself and was classified as backward. Yet the parents of those who termed themselves â€Å"Backward Caste† were not coded by themselves or by others as â€Å"Backward Caste† because, as in the case of the first generation of Yoruba’s, this category did not exist during their lifetimes Democracy: According to Abraham Lincoln he defines democracy as the government of the people by the people and for the people. In this wise democracy connotes a system of government in which all the people in a country will have the outright say on the government of their country although in a representative manner meaning that they will elect representatives that will represent their interest in the government. Advanced countries if the world where democracy is practiced completely they have national identity as opposed to the developing world where they have ethnic identity. Advanced democracies always believe in secularism in which every religion is accepted and embraced not a system in which part will have cognisance to a religion and the other will believe in other religion causing serious tension in such states like Nigeria. Federalism : Elasar (cited in Akande, 1996:1)† the formation of European union (EU) which simply begun as a trading partnership for coal and steel is now moving towards a more integrated political union founded upon federal principle of governance†. The African union (AU) which is the federation of African counties where a central government intended to be created with sharing or division of power among the federating unit, even the world highest organization body united Nation have in some little degree, evolved the principle of federalism. Federalism is a system of government which embraces unity in diversity. Federalism as a system of government is one in which there will be central and regional governments each one autonomous of each other.

Humor in Mathematics Classroom Essay Example for Free

Humor in Mathematics Classroom Essay INTRODUCTION To make the learning in classroom more fun, teachers do make a different strategies or techniques. Game and laughter is very important in learning, that’s why teachers that do have humor make their class more enjoyable and interesting. Anyone who has paid attention to great speakers would know that humor is an excellent method for eliciting sympathy from the audience and opening them up to your message. Every teacher also knows that a sense of humor is necessary to winning the hearts of students. How should this inform teaching? Should the teachers focus on creating an entertaining show for their students? Or would the teachers change their lessons into therapy sessions? This study presents a teaching approach that is built around math problems that are for the student at the same time Cheerful (entertaining, funny, cool) and Challenging (difficult). We call this CheCha mathematics. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The technique of using humor to enliven lectures is as ancient as the Babylonian Talmud. Rabbah (Babylonian Talmud, Shabbos 30b), a Talmudic sage who lived 1700 years ago, would say something humorous before starting to lecture to the scholars, and they would laugh; after that, he would begin his lecture. Rabbi Meir (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 38b), another Talmudic sage, was an expert in fox fables and would devote one-third of his lecture to parables. These sages recognized the value of humor in education, even in ethical and religious instruction. Most statistics textbooks do not use a humorous approach, with exceptions such as Runyon (1977) and Pyrczak (1998). Blumenfeld and Alpern (1985) discuss ten reasons to use humor in the classroom. These include such factors as opening communication and the humanizing effect of humor on image. Berk (1996, 1998) claims that humor has the ability to decrease students’ anxiety, improve the ability to learn, and boost self-esteem. This, in turn, can encourage a more receptive learning atmosphere. One researcher found that having students watch an episode of Seinfeld helped calm them and reduced their heartbeats when they were later forced to do something stressful, give an impromptu speech about Bosnia, a subject they knew very little about, in front of a camera. The heart rates of students who had watched the humorous Seinfeld episode rose from an average of 70 to averages of 80 to 85 beats per minute while speaking; the heart rates of students who had not been inoculated with humor rose to a mean of 100 (Burkhart 1998). Lundberg and Thurston (1992) discuss various ways humor can be used in the classroom. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK CheCha math method is based on three educational approaches: acknowledging the role of affect in math learning (Hannula, 2006), using humor in teaching (Grecu, 2008) and use of open-ended problems in math teaching (Pehkonen, 2004). Affect in mathematical thinking and learning In order to study affect in math education in contexts of actual classrooms there are three main elements to pay attention to: cognition, emotion, and motivation. Achievement without motivation is not sustainable, and neither is motivation without enjoyment. All three domains have a more rapidly changing state-aspect and more stable trait-aspect. (Hannula, 2006). One fundamental principle of human behavior is that emotions energize and organize perception, thinking and action (Izard, 1991). Research has confirmed a positive relationship between positive affect and achievement. It seems that the affective outcomes are most important during the first school years, as they are less likely to be altered later on. Two key elements of a desired affective disposition are self-confidence and motivation to learn (Hannula, 2006). Advances in our understanding of the neuropsychological basis of affect (e.g. Damasio 1995, LeDoux, 1998) have radically changed the old view of the relationship between emotion and cognition. Emotions are no longer seen as peripheral to cognitive processes or as noise to impede rationality. Emotions have been accepted as necessary for rational behavior. Moreover, research has also shown although not yet fully understood that certain emotions facilitate certain type of cognitive processing (Linnenbrink Pintrich, 2004). Focusing on motivation we may find ways to influence what the subjects want to do, not only how they try to achieve it. In the existing literature, psychological needs that are often emphasized in educational settings are autonomy, competence and social belonging (e.g. Boekaerts, 1999). These all can be met in a classroom that emphasizes exploration, understanding and communication instead of rules, routines and rote learning. However, this requires that all feel safe and perceive that they can contribute to the process. A possible approach to meet all these conditions would be the open approach, and more generally focusing on mathematical processes rather than products (Hannula, 2006). Humor Already Kant (1952) considered the nature of humor. He stated Laughter is the result of expectation which suddenly ends in nothing (p. 199). His classical statement has started considering humor as a mental mechanism resulting in laughter. As another early scientific approach to humor, Freud (1991) divided comic into wit, humor and actually comic. Many kinds of activity, including wit, are directed on reception of pleasure from intellectual processes. A person feels pleasure from suddenly released energy, which is splashed out in the form of laughter. From this perspective already, we can perceive how a good joke can generate a joyful atmosphere and create a positive emotional background of activity. The comic, humorous contents can be reached in various ways and techniques. For example, Veatch (1998) suggests a list of types that are funny: finishing to the point of irrationality, satire, literal understanding of metaphors, irony, ambiguity, word-play, contradiction, discrepancy, excessive rationality and a deviation from the usual. Each of these types of the comic can be expressed as a joke or a problem in math context. As an example of a math contradiction we take a joke, here framed within the world of Winnie the Pooh: Pooh and Piglet sit on a small bench and talk. Eeyore has sent them a box. In the box there are ten sweets and a note. In the note Eeyore tells them to divide them: seven for Pooh and seven for Piglet. Piglet: How is that? I do not understand. What do you think of it?† Pooh: I do not even want to think. But I have already eaten my seven sweets. Humor can also act as means of a psychological discharge, and promote efficiency of pedagogical activity. Suhomlinsky (1975) wrote: I would name laughter as a back side of thinking. To develop ability to laugh in the child, to enhance his sense of humor means to strengthen his intellectual forces, abilities, to teach him to think and to see the world wisely. Grecu (2008) has considered use of humor in teaching. She highlights seven basic functions of humor in pedagogical activity: 1) informatively-cognitive (Opens essential features and properties of subjects and the phenomena. Rejecting standard approaches, the humor bears in itself any discovery), 2) Emotional (the Humor can act as means of creation of creative state of health and as means of emotional support) 3) Motivational (The humor can serve as a stimulator of volitional processes) 4) Communicative (the Person with humor is attractive for people) 5) Developing (Humor promotes development of critical thinking, a sharpness of vision of the world, observation and consequently intellect) 6) Diagnostic (by the laughter maintenance at what the person laughs, it is possible to judge about his merits and demerits) and 7) Regulative (the humor gives the chance to look at oneself from an unexpected angle, allowing self-evaluation). In CheCha method most of these are relevant, the most important functions being on top of the list. Grecu suggest the following techniques for designing of humor for educational tasks. These pedagogical techniques are paradox, finishing to the point of irrationality, comparison by the remote or casual attribute, return comparison, wit of absurd, pseudo-contrast or false opposition, a hint, a self-exposure of own faults, intentional ignoring of things that might cause laughter, and exaggeration of the certain features of behavior. Grecu has offered also classification of means of the comic: 1) word-play based on violation of language norm (carrying of terminology over to a context unusual to it). Consider the following riddle: I am it while I do not know that I am. But I am not it when I know that I am. What am I?† 2) Comparison, authors original neologisms, based on artistic expressive means (double entendre, an ambiguity). Examples are easy for finding in Carrolls books (2006, s. 50): â€Å"Explain yourself!† â€Å"I can’t explain myself.† 3) Paradox, an example being the claim â€Å"I am lying now†. Also Dzemidok (1993) distinguishes several humoristic methods: modification and deformation of the phenomena, unexpected effects and amazing comparisons, disproportion in attitudes and communications between the phenomena, imaginary association of absolutely diverse phenomena, creation of the phenomena which deviate from logic. As an example of the latter method consider the following: There were only 3 students attending a professors lecture in University. Suddenly 5 persons left the room. The professor said: If 2 students enter this room, there is nobody attending. Most types of humor and their techniques could be used at mathematics lessons. Thanks to entertaining tasks and comical contents of the problems the classroom climate promotes a positive interaction between the teacher and students. However, one must be aware that opportunities of humor as pedagogical means have their limits. Grecu (2008) gives several suggestions regarding these limits. She suggests that one should use humor gently and support humor of students. She also warns not to ridicule student’s person, laugh at what the student is not able to correct or change or laugh at an involuntary mistake of the student. Rough joking would indicate lack of customs and disrespect of the student and hence is absolutely unacceptable for the teacher. Moreover, the teacher should avoid being the first to laugh at ones own joke, as it can cause the reaction opposite to expected. Problem solving and open-ended problems Problems are said to be open, if their starting or goal situation is not exactly given and they usually have several correct answers (cf. Pehkonen 2008). Open-ended problems emphasize understanding and creativity (e.g. Nohda, 2000, Stacey 1995). This would not mean lowering the expectations, quite the contrary. If an open task allows the solver to gain deeper and deeper insights (a chain of discovery; Liljedahl, 2005) it can facilitate a state of sustained engagement. This would also lead to more intensive working. Research has shown that problem solving can be engaging and enjoyable for many students, but it does not attract everyone. Schoenfeld (1985) defined an individuals beliefs or mathematical world view as shaping how one engages in problem solving. For example, those who believe that math is no more than repetition of learned routines would be more likely to give up on a novel task than those who believe that inventing is an essential aspect of mathematics. Unfortunately, there are students who do not see the potential for engagement and enjoyment in a math problem. We see humor as a means to engage also those students who do not perceive math problems enjoyable to begin with. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The purpose of this study is to answer the following questions: 1. What mathematical problems are entertaining from the students point of view? 2. How CheCha method influences the atmosphere in mathematics lessons?

Denmarks culture: Womens rights, education and family

Denmarks culture: Womens rights, education and family Culture is one of those rare inheritances that a follower receives from his/her ancestors. It determines beliefs, perception, and morality .Those values shape a man’s identity making him dependant and loyal to those principals. Every culture has its own history and traditions, which makes the world a place with variety types of people. The cultures are represented by its followers allowing them to be strict and bias towards its constitution and moral behaviors without the followers a culture could disappear joining the anthology of the dead cultures. Denmark has a culture with recognized principles and values that specializes them over traditions. They have their own point of views and ways of dealing with traditional aspects of life such as customs, education, marriage, family life, as well as women’s rights. Denmark, being a small country in northern Europe it is rich with customs and traditions. Food, Festivals, Music, and Religion are important aspects in the customs of Denmark. The Danish people believe that meals are important for the families to be together and not just for filling their need. (Pateman 113). The main food which the Danes usually eat is bread for their breakfast and they have many different types of bread in which they eat some are crusty and some are cold toasted. (Pateman 114). Although in the summer the Danes usually go to the park to get sunshine as sometimes during the winter they never get sunshine, their meal usually are meatballs which are made of pork, this is the most common meal in Denmark. (Pateman 115). On the other hand, there are only two main drinks in Denmark which are coffee and beer; these are the main two which the Danes drink throughout the year. They also have a traditional beer for them only which is made by mainly potato which is called Snaps which is served usually served cold. (Pateman 116-117). The Danes celebrate many days during a year of which some are Religious and others which are important events. The Danes like other Christian countries celebrate Christmas and Easter. The celebration of Christmas starts from the beginning of December up to New Year, although the main part starts at December 23 which the Danes decorate their home which hearts and other religious items. The Danish families’ celebrate Christmas Eve together and they also have a special dinner which is made of rice pudding. Although the importance of Easter is no longer there in Denmark, holiday is given to them which the Danes go and visit families and friends in exchange of Easter eggs to children.(Pateman 108-110).Other important events which the Danes celebrate during the year are the Queen’s birthday, Liberation Day, Copenhagen Carnival, alongside Fastelvn. These are the main days in which the Danes celebrate throughout the year. During the queen’s birthday, it is a national holiday for the Danes from work and school which they gather outside the queen’s palace and hear its speech and ends with cheers from the crowd. Although in Liberation Day’s night the people put candles on their windows to celebrate the day in which they were liberated from Germany on world war two, which the Danes still celebrate it today because this day means a lot to the old Danes who lived during world war two. Copenhagen Carnival is a carnival day which celebrates throughout Copenhagen; people wear new customs and party on the street for the whole day. Lastly, Fastelvn is a special event which is held at the end of February were children play a game using sticks to hit a barrel which is filled up with gifts. Although it seems to be a fun event it has a history, because for a long time they used to place a cat and hit it until it dies.(Robert 106-107). The Danes enjoy nearly all types of music, but mainly pop m usic. They also have festivals each year, but the main festival they have is named Rolkside Festival, it is the hugest music festival in northern Europe. In this festival musicians from all around the world come to play on the stage. (What would Roskilde Festival be without partners? 1). Education in Denmark is compulsory for people aged seven up to people aged 16. When the teenagers reach their age to 16 they can choose to continue school or stop. There are also two types of school which are common in Denmark which are government and private schools. Government schools are free schools which they have from grade one up to grade nine. The Danes who choose to go to them are to stay with the same teacher for nine full years. The classes in government schools do not change and the students are together for the full nine years. Due to the government having up to ninth grade the people have to then go to a secondary school, being that people in ninth grade are usually 15 years old and that the compulsory age to go to school is from seven to 16. People who pass ninth grade are usually smart students who go to secondary school to continue school. Although some who are not ready are the students which do not get good grades stay for an extra year when they are 16 and then th ey are free to do what they want either go to secondary school for three years or stop. (Pateman 60-61). Similarly, most private schools have up to ninth grade only. The education in the private school is a little better than the government’s free school, although approximately 16% only of the students in Denmark go to private schools. However, government still helps private school and is not out of the equation, they subsidize them by giving them some money to help them improve their teaching facilities and have better teachers. Yet, they are not responsible for anything that happens to the student, the student’s parents are held responsible for everything according to the teaching standards or anything similar to that. (Hansen 1). Finally, the universities in Denmark are good universities which people come to study in from around the world. Although, in Denmark, there are only five main universities those universities can teach many subjects in both English and mainl y in Danish. For example the university of Copenhagen which is the first university to be built in Denmark and the second in Scandinavia which is still there standing for more than a half of a millennium, it teaches not only the main subjects such as Math, English, and Danish, it teaches subjects such as music, business, and even social studies.( Pateman 61). In Denmark, there is also adult education, which is that adults that are working can have evening lessons. This type of education is popular in Denmark as by now it can be considered as part of their culture. This type of education helps the Danes in many ways, they can possibly learn a new language which most people usually learn German or French. There are also Danes who study subjects which they might be interested in such as social science which might help them in their future in case they would want to switch jobs. Marriage in Denmark is not as popular, the average Danish man usually marries at the age of 33 and the woman usually marries at the age of 30, being that the legal age for marriage is 18.( The Ceremony 1) The reason behind this is that in Denmark it is being advised by the parents of the bride and the groom to live together for some time, to see if the relationship is going to work in a good way. However, also after the couple get to have a long relationship before marriage, the divorce rate in Denmark is high. Studies show that the divorce rate is half the marriage rate, which is really high. In Denmark there are two different types of marriage, one of them is the traditional marriage which the church marriage. This type of marriage is similar to the marriage that happens to other Christian countries the bride wears a long white dress and the groom wear a suit, and the bride is escorted by her father. The only difference is that frequently if there is a close female friend can escor t the bride, and at the end as the couple leave, the guests usually raise the Denmark flag.( Pateman 64-65) The other way which the couple can marry each other is the civil wedding which is a wedding taking place at any place that the authority in charge of the marriage allows to, it can be held in a town or even a forest. Meanwhile, Danish women who get married are allowed to change their last name, which most of them do not change their name as they are expected to divorce, and if they do want to change their last name they would have to do it before the marriage officially takes place due to a document form should be proposed first.( The Ceremony 1). Family life is an important aspect to the culture of Denmark, the Danes are unlike the other neighbouring countries when it comes to families. In neighboring countries like Germany and Belgium their social life is based around pubs and usually being outside the home. In Denmark their social life is mainly at home, the Danes take care of their home and a major amount of the income they would get usually is used to improve the facilities at their home. (Pateman 66). The Danish life is usually based around work and family for adults and school and family for the children who are being balanced equally by the people in there. The Danes usually travel or during holidays or go to a summer house. Summer house is popular in Denmark, which many Danes go to which their family friends. (Steed 1). Also due to Denmark government focus in improving family life, families get to have many benefits. The government takes control of giving the child if a family has one an allowance, the government give s extra allowance to the number of children the family has, and also the families also get to have free birth. (The Ceremony 1). Houses are not cheap in Denmark, but having a family helps because if a couple just married and are not able to afford a house, they are given an apartment by the government to use until they can manage to buy a home for themselves. (Pateman 66).The Danes usually consider their country the best country in the world not only due to the free education, but mainly due to the importance of family life which has been shown when Denmark and the Danes won the ranking of having the most amused people in the world. (Lundberg 1). Women rights are not affected as much in Denmark, and it can be said that they have nearly the same rights as the men. Studies show that women in Denmark work the same as men and have the right to vote and elect themselves. Denmark is one of the few countries which now have women at the parliament with a high rate at over 30%. Saying this, the women do not have all the rights as men, they still have to do the home work alongside men having the better jobs in society and a higher wage, but they still have as many rights as the men. The reason behind women having a lot of rights goes back to 1915 when there was a movement which made them have a huge part in the politics.(Pateman 62-63). After 1915, the women started getting rights they first had the right to vote and then right for opportunities same as the men. The women then started getting more rights after the Second World War when the economy was going down which lead to the need for women to work. This was the start of women bein g allowed to work and started the increasing rate of them working in Denmark, which at that time was mainly in labor market. (Larsen 1). Going back to working women, the Danish women have a high working rate just over 70% of them do work, which is slightly lower than the one of men which is approximately 75%, which shows that Denmark is a fair country and the women in Denmark’s rights are not affected and are close to have the same rights as the men in Denmark.(Housing-Denmark 1). Denmark has certainly earned the right to have a culture as big as it has now. The customs and traditions, education, marriage, family life, along with women rights are one of the most important aspects of culture which makes Denmark have a big culture as it is now. They celebrate many days which means to them a lot such as Christmas. The education is free in government school which is definitely which makes it one of the most intelligent countries in the world. Marriage that they have even though the divorce rate is high, what they do in marriage make them unique, as well as the family life which is important for them. Lastly, women’s rights in Denmark are not affected which is why it is a fashionable society. Work Cited 1) Pateman, Robert. Cultures of the World Denmark. Tarrytown, New York 10591: Library of Congress Cataloging, 1995. 2) â€Å"What would Roskilde Festival be without partners?.† Roskilde Festival’s collaboration partners, 3) Hansen, Thomas. â€Å"Grants.† Education, The Ministry of Education. 4-6) â€Å"The Ceremony.† Family, AngloINFO. 2014. 5) Steed, Richard. â€Å"Work/Life Balance the Danish way.† Meet the Danes, 7) Lundberg, Jan. â€Å"Denmark: Small, Happy Prosperous Families In Contrast to U.S.† Culture Change, July 27, 2012 8) Larsen, Jytte. â€Å"The women’s movement in Denmark.† All About Gender in Denmark, KVINFO. 9) â€Å"Housing-Denmark.† Denmark in Detail,

Doing Business in Thailand :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Doing Business in Thailand Thailand’s booming economy has encouraged me to begin a new business relationship with a highly recognized Thai company. I manufacturer a line of products for the sugar processing industry. I recently signed a one-year contract with Thai Chemiclas and Engineering Co. Ltd., located in Bangkok, to be my exclusive representative in the Thailand area. Thai Chemicals and Engineering will promote my product line and get it into the all the sugar mills in the area. They will purchase two containers per month for which we have negotiated a compatible price. The containers will be shipping out of Savannah, Georgia with a final destination of the port of Bangkok. The shipping terms will be CIF: Bangkok. I decided to use a local company to represent my product line for various reasons. First of all, I need someone that knows the culture and business environment who has an established relationship with other locals. Once my products become known, I would like to establish a factory in Thailand. Therefore, I found it necessary to gather all the information required to begin a new business in Thailand. Establishing Business or a Factory Although business can be 100 % owned by foreign investors, some are reserved for 51 % Thai ownership. People of any nationalities can participate in ownership to varying degrees: through sole ownership, a limited company /corporation, an ordinary partnership, a limited partnership, or a branch of a foreign corporation. The Ministry of Commerce's Department of Commercial Registration is directly in charge of company registration. The Stock Exchange of Thailand The Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) is a well-developed financial institution which welcomes foreign investment. Tax Corporate income tax rate is 30% Transport Bangkok's modern Don Muang International Airport can easily serve your arrivals or connections. Thailand is equipped with an extensive and ever-developing transport infrastructure and an extensive state-run rail system. There are numerous shipping ports including Bangkok's Klong Toey Port and the Eastern Seaboard's Mab Ta Phut and Laem Chabang deep-sea ports within 200 kilometres of Bangkok. Working Hours Typical business hours are : for banks and financial institutions, Monday - Friday 9:30 a.m. - 3:30 p.m.; Government offices, Monday -Friday 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (closed noon - 1 p.m.); private business, Monday - Friday from 8:30 p.

Global Monetary Depression Essay -- World History, Chinese Economy

Whether or not one believes that the 17th century global monetary depression actually occurred or if there even was a â€Å"general crisis† to begin with, it has been widely apparent that from 1601 to 1680, a transformation in economic history and a decline in transnational finance was underway. We cannot mistaken—though richly diverse the economy—a specific geographical region as if it fiscally rose or declined in isolation. Comparative studies are crucial; however, â€Å"it is yet another argument against the narrow parochialism which still afflicts the teaching of history in too many universities† (Aston 3). Those of us who have suffered while studying the Western past must not plummet into the similarly devastating Asian strain; therefore, while juxtaposing the two influential economies of the 17th century, Europe (Spain) and Asia (China), it is crucial to bear in mind the transnational fluctuations in domestic and oversea trade with regards to the glo bal consequences: monetary inflation. Unlike their European counterpart, Chinese feudalism consisted of peasants, especially in the late Ming and early Qing, that were not directly tied to landlords—rather, their atypical Chinese socioeconomic feudalism was more of a â€Å"commercialized peasant economy† where market imports were driven by the demands of the general public (Kishimoto-Nakayama 228). On the surface, an unfathomable torrent of New World silver deposits controlled by Spain alleviated much of the amounting debt and dissolved the liquidity crisis in Europe; however, it also unleashed a devastating increase of bullion in China’s over-heated economy which demoted global price levels on silver—leading to the deleterious monetary inflation (Glahn 429). Since the source of profit from... ...y-rocketed levels of international trade, government spending, and population—the main reason for China’s financial inflation was due to global climatic changes that diminished agricultural yields, caused outbreaks of epidemic and ultimately depreciated the purchasing value of money by increasing market prices of staple goods. In this same context, despite the fact that one nation’s economy was in decline, it did not Moreover, the instance of China’s financial crisis during the 17th century demonstrates the ultimate full scale of changes in a global economy and with respects to environmental factors. The significant economic downturns during the period brought to light the constantly shifting organizations of the first markets during the modern era and the indigenous demands for natural resources which determined the direction of a country’s economic stability.

Anthropology Essays – Australopithecines and Homos

Australopithecines and HomosSection 1 4. ( a & A ; B ) At Olduvai Gorge, East Africa, severalaustralopithecinesandgay, such asAustralopithecus Boisei( sometimesParanthropus Boisei) andHomosexual Habilis( big ) may hold coexisted ( Leakey 1994, 24-27, 29 ) .Australopithecus Boiseiis distinguished by outstanding sagittal crests on the top and dorsum of the skull and a long, wide and rather level ‘dished’ face with big grinders ( Wood 1992, 236 ) .Homosexual Habilis( big ) besides has a big level face with a little forehead ridge, though without the broad, dished’ visual aspect and crests ofAustralopithecus Boisei( Stringer 1992, 242 & A ; 251 ) . It besides had a robust jaw and big narrow grinders. The robust jaws and big grinders of bothAustralopithecus BoiseiandHomosexual Habilissuggest that the diets of both were chiefly vegetable. It is possible that earlyHomosexual Habilis, a tool shaper, besides hunted or scavenged for meat. Cut Markss from tools found on carnal castanetss from Olduvai show that meat was being cut from the bone bygayaround 1.8 million old ages ago ( Potts 1992, 331 ) . However, the tools from the earlier Oldowan industry can non steadfastly be associated with either genus Australopithecus orgay, though Leakey favours the latter because of the ulterior association ( 1994, 41 ) . Stanford cautions that we remember that even one species may expose a assortment of behaviors ( 2001, 25 ) . 5. ( a, B & A ; degree Celsiuss ) The earliest illustrations of Acheulean engineering day of the month to 1.5/4 million old ages ago and are associated withHomo ErectusLeakey 1994, 93 ; Gowlett 1992b, 353 ) . The handaxe ( or biface ) is associated with the development of a long axis linked to a ‘walnut’ form and illustrations may be symmetrical through a different planes and subdivisions ( Gowlett 1992a, 343 ) . Apart from usage as the eponymic handaxe, Acheulean tools were used as choppers and choices – some twelve implements have been identified ( Gowlett 1992b, 354 ; Leakey 1994, 93 ) . In eastern and south Asia discoveries ofHomo Erectushold non yielded Acheulean tools, perchance due to the presence of splintered bamboo rendering rock engineering redundant ( Gowlett 1992b, 351 ) . Besides, we might anticipate variableness in behavior over a broad, or even rather narrow, geographic country ( Stanford 2001, 25 ) . 6. ( a, B & A ; degree Celsiuss ) The Clovis people could hold reached America, possibly via a land span, as portion of a series of three migrations or motions of population from northern Asia, suggested by a assortment of grounds from linguistics, tooth analysis and genetic sciences ( Renfrew & A ; Bahn 1996, 438 ) . Dates for the motions are debatable and vary from up to 42,000-21,000 old ages ago for the earliest, 20,000 old ages ago for the 2nd and 16,000-5000 old ages ago for the last pre-Columbian motion. Martin had suggested they were the first civilization to come in the Americas ( 1973 ) . Evidence from sites such as Murray Springs, Arizona, reveal Clovis civilization artifacts association with macrofauna that subsequently became nonextant ( Haynes 1984 ) . A assortment of tools characterise the Clovis civilization, in peculiar bifacially worked and fluted missile points ( Gowlett 1992b, 359 ) . Such tools are characteristically those of huntsmans. Section 2 7. ( a, B & A ; degree Celsiuss ) Table 1. Showing Relative day of the months, encephalon sizes and encephalon construction of assorted species of hominid and hominoid ( after Deacon 1992, 116-7 ; Stringer 1992, 251 ; Wood 1992, 236 ) .SpeciessDates ( approximative old ages ago )Brain size ( cm3 )Brain constructionProconsul23-15 millionN/AN/AAustralopithecus Afarensis4-2.5 million400-500Broca’s country non presentHomosexual Habilis ( big )2.4-1.6 million600-800Broca’s country nowadaysHomo Erectus1.8-0.3 million750-1250Broca’s country nowadaysHomosexual Sapiens Neanderthalensis150,000-30,0001200-1750Broca’s country nowadaysHomosexual Sapiens ( early modern )130,000-60,0001200-1700Broca’s country nowadaysChimpanzeePresent400Area homologous to Broca’s countryTable 1 shows that early hominoids such asAustralopithecus Afarensishad comparable and somewhat larger encephalons than modern Pan troglodytess ( 400-500cm3 ) , although Broca’s linguistic communication country seems non to hold been present. Broca’s country was present in the larger encephalons ( 600-800cm3 ) ofHomosexual Habilis( big ) and in subsequentlygayspecies up to and includingmodern Homo Sapiens Sapiens. The encephalon size ofgayspecies has increased over clip, top outing at thatof Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensisat 1200-1750cm3, similar to that ofHomosexual Sapiens Sapienswith a scope of 1200-1700cm3. From the informations tabled above, it is non possible to reason that encephalization was a cardinal event in human development although worlds are without uncertainty the most encephalized species on Earth with a encephalon three times bigger than that of a similar sized ape ( Deacon 1992, 116 ; Curtis et Al 2001, 167 ) . The relationship between intelligence and encephalon size is non simple and the presence of Broca’s country does non turn out linguistic communication usage. Chimpanzees are sociable, learn and Teach, usage tools and show complex behavior, even capable of being trained in sign-language yet their encephalons are relatively little. Worlds besides display great assortment in their behavior and it is non ever clear that they are better adapted to life than less encephalized species, which calls into inquiry the nature and cogency of such comparings. Besides really important are the recent finds on Flores, which suggest that a tool and fire utilizinggayspecies we ighing merely 55 lbs and with a encephalon three times smaller than modern worlds evolved fromHomo Erectus( Morwood et al. 2005 ) . Section 3 8. ( a, B, degree Celsius & A ; vitamin D ) Multiregionalists, such as Wolpoff and Thorne have observed continuity, despite spreads, fromHomo Erectusin Java to modern Aboriginal Australians ( Curtis et al. 2001, 198 ) . The SangiranHomo Erectuswas dated at 700,000 old ages old, the skulls from Ngandong to between 400,000-100,000 old ages old and the Australian Mungo people to 24,000 old ages old. Wolpoff and Thorne have observed anatomical continuity in the cranial characteristics, known as the ‘mark of ancient Java’ . The NgandongHomo Erectusbraincases have been redated from 400,000-100,000 to 50,000-30,000 old ages old by negatron spin resonance ( ESR ) dating and uranium series dating ( U-series dating ) ( Curtis et al. 2001, 221 ) . Dates achieved by gamma beam dating have non been published. The Mungo remains have been diversely dated, originally at 24,000 old ages old so to about 62,000 in 1999, and most late utilizing optically exciting luminescence, both the Mungo Lady and Man were redated once more to 40,000 old ages old ( Bowler et al. 2003 ) . The new day of the months for the Ngandong braincase and the Mungo people, if right, suggest thatHomosexual SapiensandHomo Erectuscoexisted in south east Asia. While ab initio an uncomfortable decision for many, the assorted dating techniques do look to confirm one another, and recent discoveries ofHomo Floresiensismay supply further cogent evidence of diverseness. The redating of the Mungo people has led to the proposal that modernHomosexual Sapiensdispersed eastward from Africa, before come ining Europe, therefore retaining the ‘Out of Africa’ place ( Gore 2000, 97 ) . Thorne, commented that the redating had no impact on multiregionalism, Wolpoff adding that from 2 million old ages ago there was merely one human species ( Curtis et al. 2001, 229 ) . Whatever theoretical attack one has to dispersal, it seems indispensable to recognize the diverseness and coexistence of communities ofHomosexual. Mentions Bowler, J.M. , Johnston, H. , Olley, J. Prescott, J. Roberts, R. Shawcross, W. and Spooner, N. 2003. New ages for human business and climatic alteration at Lake Mungo, Australia.Nature421 ( February ) 837-40.Curtis, G.H. , Swisher III, C.C. and Lewin, R. 2001.Java Man. London: Little, Brown & A ; Co.Deacon, T.W. 1992. The human encephalon. In Jones et Al. ( eds. ) . 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 115-123.Gore, R. 2000. Peoples Like Us.National GeographicVol.198/1 ( July ) , 90-117.Gowlett, J.A.J. 1992a. Early human mental abilities. In Jones et Al. ( eds. ) . 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 341-345.Gowlett, J.A.J. 1992b. Tools – the Palaeolithic record. In Jones et Al. ( eds. ) . 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 350-360.Haynes, C.V. 1984. Stratigraphy and Late Pleistocene Extinction in the United States . In Martin, P.S. and Klein, R.G. ( eds. ) . 1984.Quaternate Extinctions. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 345-353.Jones, S. , Martin, R. and Pilbeam, D. ( explosive detection systems. ) 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Leakey, R. 1994.The Origin of Humankind. London: Weidenfeld & A ; Nicolson.Martin, P.S. 1973. The find of America.Science179, 969-74.Morwood, M. , Sutikna, T. and Roberts, R. 2005. World of the Small People.National GeographicVol.207/4 ( April ) , 2-15.Potts, R. 1992. The hominian manner of life. In Jones et Al. ( eds. ) . 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 325-334.Renfrew, C. and Bahn, P. 1996.Archaeology, Theories, Methods and Practice. London: Thames & A ; Hudson.Stanford, C.B. 2001.The Hunting Apes. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Stringer, C.B. 1992. Development of australopithecines. In Jones et Al. ( eds. ) . 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedi a of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 241-254.Wood, B.A. 1992. Development of early worlds. In Jones et Al. ( eds. ) . 1992.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 231-240.

Nurse’s Song by William Blake Essay

Compare and contrast the two versions of â€Å"Nurse’s Song†, showing how Blake illustrates the concepts of Innocence and Experience The Blakean concept of â€Å"Innocence† is focused on purity, vulnerability, trust and harmony – often illuminated through the use of children. For â€Å"Experience† the crux is on remorse, regrets and the general loss of innocence. In the two versions of â€Å"Nurse’s Song† children are used to bring out both the innocent and experienced side of the nurse. In the â€Å"Innocence† version of the poem, a repeated word pattern is used. It is reminiscent of children’s chants and nursery rhymes because of the buoyant, song-like rhythm. â€Å"Come, come leave off play†, â€Å"No, no let us play†, â€Å"Well, well go and play†. This emphasises the childlike, infantile tone of the poem bringing out the innocent, simplistic nature. It also shines a juvenile light on the nurse, which to a reader in an experienced state of mind, gives off a forced, unrealistic innocence. The use of sound in the â€Å"Innocence† version of â€Å"Nurse’s Song† is very apparent. It relates to the sounds made by the children, heard by the nurse; â€Å"laughing is heard on the hill,† this paints a pleasant picture, an unmistakeably happy image for the reader. It puts the rest of the poem into an idyllic, dreamlike context, giving a slightly surreal edge to the verses that follow. The final line â€Å"And all the hills ecchoed†, could be seen as a use of pathetic fallacy in that the children are laughing and shouting, and the hills ‘echo’ them – everything in this idealistic world is content and perfect, a utopia of purity, trust and openness. â€Å"The little ones leaped & shouted & laugh’d†, this list is presented in a puerile fashion, further illustrating the concept of innocence in the nurse herself. By using â€Å"&† instead of a comma, it makes the reader feel as if the nurse has a childlike perspective on the scene, as her narration uses basic, one-dimensional lexis giving an unsophisticated and uncomplicated view of the world. The harmonious relationship between the children and the nurse makes her seem straightforward and pure, and also inexperienced in her trust in the children. When the children refuse her request to go home to bed, she simply allows them to carry on in their own way â€Å"Well, well, go & play till the light fades away† showing her faith in the reliability of the children and simultaneously giving her an air of naivety, and reinforcing her innocence in that she is clearly open to receiving the pleasures of life. It also shows how unworldly she is, how she is blissfully unaware of the dangers around and simply concerned that the children should be in bed when the day turns to night. In the â€Å"Experience† version of â€Å"Nurse’s Song† the reader feels a distinctly bitter tone given off by the nurse. An underlying message of a bad childhood, or a disturbing youth is given off when she says â€Å"The days of my youth rise fresh in my mind, / My face turns green and pale†. To some this could imply a feeling of jealousy in the nurse, green being an indication of envy – showing the nurse envying the children’s innocence and happiness. However, I think it is simply a device to show how their purity and their inexperience are nauseating to the nurse; how it reminds her of her childhood, and how she has lost that youth and vulnerability and is sickened by her current self. In the second stanza of the â€Å"Experience† version, the first two lines are the same, although they seem somewhat more ominous because of the context. â€Å"Then come home my children, the sun is gone down / And the dews of night arise;† Also there are no speech marks around these phrases, unlike the â€Å"Innocence† version. It means that it is not direct speech from the nurse to the children, but rather an insight into the thoughts of the nurse – disguised and dark – leaving the reader with a nervous energy given off by the eerie mannerisms of the nurse. A contrast between the two poems is in the second line of the first stanza. In â€Å"Innocence† it says â€Å"and laughing is heard on the hill,† but in â€Å"Experience† it says â€Å"and whisp’rings are in the dale.† The obvious difference is between the â€Å"laughing† and the â€Å"whisp’rings†. Laughter is a sound of happiness and gaiety, but whispering has an air of secrecy, deceit and isolation. This is an obvious contrast in the levels of communication between the two states, the honest and open laughter in â€Å"Innocence† almost an antithesis to the guarded, furtive whispering. Another difference between the two is that in â€Å"Innocence† the laughter is taking place â€Å"on the hill† – an exposed place, safe and high above everything, easily seen and obvious to all. But in â€Å"Experience† the whispering is taking place â€Å"in the dale.† This is a hidden place, dark and difficult to see for the nurse – secretive. This subtle difference changes the tone completely between the two poems. â€Å"Your spring & your day are wasted in play, / And your winter and night in disguise.† These final two lines of the poem, I feel, are the most bitter and disparaging of all. Some may say that the seasons of â€Å"spring† and â€Å"winter† are metaphorical, for the â€Å"winter of your life† – the darker days, the older, more experienced times; the â€Å"spring† representing youth, purity and innocence. As though the nurse is saying that when you have the capacity to embrace the gift of â€Å"innocence†, your naivety and inexperience stop you from truly realising what you have and it is then â€Å"wasted in play†; frittered away in the menial enjoyment of life. But once that innocence is lost, you enter the winter of your life, â€Å"in disguise† – hiding from those that remind you of your innocence, and those that can see your experience. However another interpretation could be that literally in the daytime, during the spring and winter and at night you are always wasting your time; so no matter what you do time is passing by and you are gradually moving from a state of innocence to experience. That time is squandered in useless, unhelpful ways. The nurse’s bitterness is expressed in her realisation of this desecration of such a precious thing. It seems premeditated and as though she has reminisced over her youthful times and understood her mistakes; as if she has discovered how she’s capitulated to the ideals of â€Å"experience† and is unable to return to her candid, childlike self. I feel that overall, the message given by the â€Å"Experience† poem is one of bitterness, remorse and resentment. The darker tone of the poem gives it a deeper meaning – to embrace every second or to become a character like the nurse in this version: cheated in life and cynical about others. However, the playful, childlike â€Å"Innocence† version is far less evocative and conceives a simpler idea, to laugh and play â€Å"till the light fades away and the dew of night arise†.

Mark Doty: Life and Career Essay

Doty was born in Maryville, Tennessee, earned his Bachelor of Arts from Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa, and received his Master of Fine Arts in creative writing from Goddard College in Vermont. In 1989, his partner Wally Roberts tested positive for HIV,[1] which drastically changed Doty’s writing. Roberts’s death in 1994 inspired Doty to write Atlantis. Heaven’s Coast: A Memoir also deals with this subject and received the PEN/Martha Albrand Award for First Nonfiction. [2] In 1995, he was the first American poet to win the  £10,000 T.S. Eliot Prize for Poetry, for his book My Alexandria. The book was also a finalist for the National Book Award and the winner of the 1993 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Poetry and the National Book Critics Circle Award. Doty also received a 1994 Whiting Writers’ Award. Look more:  mark twain satire essay He has written twelve books of poetry and three memoirs. Firebird told the story of his childhood in the American South and in Arizona. Dog Years was a memoir of the lives of two of his dogs who Doty had while dealing with the death of his partner and the devastation of 9-11. Louise Erdrich praised the book as being â€Å"about dogs, that is to say, about everything we cannot talk about†¦ the ‘unsayable’ about our relationships with animals, and about unspeakable times of loss, Dog Years is not a dark book. It is illuminated from within by gorgeous wonder.† Dog Years is the winner of the 2008 American Library Association Stonewall Book Awards Israel Fishman Non-Fiction Award. His last book of poetry Fire to Fire: New and Selected Poems won the 2008 National Book Award for Poetry.[3] He lives in New York City and Fire Island, New York. He was the John and Rebecca Moores Professor in the graduate program at The University of Houston Creative Writing Program. He has also participated in The Juniper Summer Writing Institute at the University of Massachusetts Amherst’s MFA Program for Poets & Writers and was on the faculty of the Bread Loaf Writers’ Conference in August 2006. He is the inaugural judge of the White Crane/James White Poetry Prize for Excellence in Gay Men’s Poetry. Doty is a judge for the 2013 Griffin Poetry Prize. He now teaches at Rutgers University. His husband since 1995 is the writer Paul Lisicky.

Benefit of Computer

Name: Vu Hoang Thanh Tam ID: 0239761 ESL 099 class Essay about Computer Nowadays, computers are very popular and became an important part in our daily life. People have a lot of option to choose new technology products. Some people prefer to use smart phone or Ipad because it look small , beautiful and portable while others claim that they want to use their old computer. In my opinion, i prefer to use my own computer for a number of different reasons.Firstly, computers connect all people all around the world, everybody can make new friend or keep in contact with their old friend who is studying same class in high school or living far away. For example, they can use social website such as Facebook or Skype to video chat or playing same game together. i really enjoy it, I can have may friends from different countries and share many experiences that I never know before I am using computer. Secondly, computers have benefit of the development of fundamental skills.There are many education software that help children and students practice and develop their own skills. For example, computing science students can find plenty of information for their major program like C# or C++ easily and children can come to libraries to access the computer doing their homework and help them to learn many new things such as numbers, colors, and shapes by playing easy game. In fact, many students become depending too much on computer, so it is very important for education purpose. Thirdly, computer help people reduce stress after long hours working and studying every day.They can use a lot of function in Internet to entertain themselves. For example, the can play game online or chatting with their friend. Moreover, they can listen to music, read news or watch their favorite television movies by Netflix website on the internet. In short, computers bring home entertainment to everyone. However, using too much internet everyday can bring negative effect. For instance, students playing gam e instead of going homework or they concentrate too much on fake life, so they not care about real life that they are living.In summary, if we can balance between studying and relaxing, so we will achieve best result In conclusion, computers should being used in daily life because of many positive effect influents on people. It is not only helping people’s life easy but also bringing convenient. It is also help people to communicate easier. However, abusing too much on internet can cause a lot of bad consequent especially on education . We can get full benefit of computer by using it right. It is an amazing gift of the development of technology. Benefit of Computer Have you ever considered getting the internet before? If so, there are many benefits which come along with getting acomputer and internet service. Here, through this informative article, we will take a much closer look at some of the main reasons that you may want to consider getting  a pc and the internet  for yourself. Read on to learn more about some of the reasons why having internet to access from your computer is very useful. One of the main reasons why you might want to consider getting a  computer and the internet  for your household is the fact that they are so educational.The internet is a great tool for people who are looking to learn anything on the World Wide Web. Whether you want to learn about the latest local place to dine, read the news, or get information for schoolwork, you will find that your own  computer with internet access  will come in handy. Using the internet is definitely a great way for you to experience all of these things. If you do not have the internet on your computer yet, it is definitely something which you should be sure to take into consideration. Computers, and the internet especially,  are very effective for educational purposes.Computers and internet  are also very suitable for anyone who is interested in keeping in touch with their friends and family members. In fact, when you have  a computer with the internet, chances are that you may never even call your friends again! With so many great ways for you to keep in touch with them, like email and instant messaging services like Yahoo, MSN and AOL, keeping in touch over the internet is a breeze! Last, but certainly not least, one of the main reasons that you may want to consider getting a  computer and the internetin your household is to make some extra money, or to spend some extra money!Through eBay Australia, example, you can decide to post your own items and sell them, in order to make money. If you have your own website, you can also run your at h ome business through the internet. Whether or not you have a professional website that you visit all of the time for business reasons, chances are that having the internet can help you. Of course, you can also use your computer to access the internet and do some online shopping. The internet has so many great stores available for you to choose from.The only thing that you have to keep in mind is limiting yourself, because you might find online shopping to be so addictive! However, this is great if you are looking for a good price on something, as there are so many different retailers available for you to choose from on the internet. As you can see, there are a number of different reasons why you may want to get a computer with the access to the internet. Whether you are looking to use it for educational purposes, to keep in touch with friends or to sell and shop for items — there are many reasons why having the internet is beneficial.